PTPerf: On the performance evaluation of Tor Pluggable Transports

Tor, one of the most popular censorship circumvention systems, faces regular blocking attempts by censors. Thus, to facilitate access, it relies on "pluggable transports" (PTs) that disguise Tor's traffic and make it hard for the adversary to block Tor. However, these are not yet well studied and compared for the performance they provide to the users. Thus, we conduct a first comparative performance evaluation of a total of 12 PTs -- the ones currently supported by the Tor project and those that can be integrated in the future. Our results reveal multiple facets of the PT ecosystem. (1) PTs' download time significantly varies even under similar network conditions. (2) All PTs are not equally reliable. Thus, clients who regularly suffer censorship may falsely believe that such PTs are blocked. (3) PT performance depends on the underlying communication primitive. (4) PTs performance significantly depends on the website access method (browser or command-line). Surprisingly, for some PTs, website access time was even less than vanilla Tor. Based on our findings from more than 1.25M measurements, we provide recommendations about selecting PTs and believe that our study can facilitate access for users who face censorship.Comment: 25 pages, 12 figure

TECHNIQUES USED FOR BIOCHEMICAL INVESTIGATION IN RELATION TO FORENSIC ANALYSIS

The aim of this review was to apply the knowledge & technology of science for the definition & enforcement of such laws. The forensic analysis is investigation the crime and examines material evidence. In forensic analysis various biochemical investigation techniques are used to examine the crimes like Hair analysis, Polygraphic test, serology test and finger print analysis. Several instruments are used in forensic analysis like IR, Chromatography, UV and Mass spectrophotometer. The characterization results showed that Forensic pharmacists engage in work relating to litigation, the regulatory process, or the criminal justice system

DESIGN, DEVELOPMENT AND EVALUATION OF LIPID BASED TOPICAL FORMULATIONS OF SILVER SULFADIAZINE FOR TREATMENT OF BURNS AND WOUNDS

Abstract: The aim of this research was to develop a novel lipid based film forming gel based on polymer and to investigate its potential as slow-release wound healing vehicle. The lipid based is composed of water soluble gel with model drug (Silver Sulfadiazine) and an egg oil, which acted as a remove scars. The morphology, rheology, mechanical properties, in-vitro drug release profiles were investigated. A smooth film layers was produced. The characterization results showed that film has superior mechanical and rheological properties than the ointment and cream. The lipid based gel treating low suppurating wounds and suitable for slow release application on wound surfaces. The lipid based gel also provided a significant higher healing rate in-vivo, with well-formed epidermis with faster granulation tissue formation when compared to the controls. In conclusions, a novel polymer-based lipid film gel was developed and results suggested that they can be exploited as slow-release wound dressings. Key Words: Wound healings, slow release, silver sulfadiazine and film ge

Time Series Analysis of COVID-19 Data- A study from Northern India

The continuing new Coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic has caused millions of infections and thousands of fatalities globally. Identification of potential infection cases and the rate of virus propagation is crucial for early healthcare service planning to prevent fatalities. The research community is faced with the analytical and difficult real-world task of accurately predicting the spread of COVID-19. We obtained COVID-19 temporal data from District Surveillance Officer IDSP, Dehradun cum District Nodal Officer- Covid-19 under CMO, Department of Medical Health and Family Welfare, Government of Uttarakhand State, India, for the period, March 17, 2020, to May 6, 2022, and applied single exponential method forecasting model to estimate the COVID-19 outbreak's future course. The root relative squared error, root mean square error, mean absolute percentage error, and mean absolute error were used to assess the model's effectiveness. According to our prediction, 5438 people are subjected to hospitalization by September 2022, assuming that COVID cases will increase in the future and take on a lethal variety, as was the case with the second wave. The outcomes of the forecasting can be utilized by the government to devise strategies to stop the virus's spread

FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF IN-SITU NASAL GEL OF RIZATRIPTAN BENZOATE BY USING MUCOADHESIVE POLYMERS

Rizatriptan Benzoate undergo hepatic first pass metabolism. Aim of present research work is to improve bioavailability by formulating in-situ nasal gel. Formulation was developed to decrease the mucociliary authorization by using mucoadhesive polymer in gel, thus rising the contact time with nasal mucosa and humanizing the absorption of drug. Gels were primed by cold technique process and evaluate by Appearance, Viscosity, Gelation Temperature, Permeation Studies, Drug Content, Gel strength etc.. The gelation temperature of all studied gel formulations were found in range.  Drug release was initiated in between 68.8-94.7% with K-peppas best fit model. pH of gel was in the rang and drug content was found between 92-99.89 %.  Gel strength was found in range of 20-55 sec. Keywords: Rizatriptan Benzoate, Mucociliary, Strength Â

Sciatic Nerve Injection Palsy in Children

How to Cite This Article: Harsh V, Chengazhacherril R.B, SharmaK, Kalakoti P, Gupta U, Ahmad W, Kumar A. Sciatic Nerve Injection Palsy in Children. Iran J Child Neurol. Autumn 2016; 10(4):86-87. Letter to Editor Pls see PDF file. References1. Toopchizadeh V, Barzegar M, Habibzadeh A. Sciatic Nerve Injection Palsy in Children, Electrophysiologic Pattern and Outcome: A Case Series Study. Iran J Child Neurol 2015 Summer;9(3):69-72.2. Sunderland S. Miscellaneous causes of nerve injury. London: Churcill Livingstone; 1991.3. Lehmann HC, Zhang J, Mori S, Sheikh KA. Diffusion tensor imaging to assess axonal regeneration in peripheral nerves. Exp Neurol 2010;223(1):238-44.4. Takagi T, Nakamura M, Yamada M, Hikishima K, Momoshima S, Fujiyoshi K, et al. Visualization of peripheral nerve degeneration and regeneration: monitoring with diffusion tensor tractography. NeuroImage 2009 ;44(3):884-92.5. Barry JM, Harsh V, Kumar A, Patil S. Injection nerve palsy: What’s to blame? J Neurosci Rural Pract 2013;4:481.6. Greensmith JE, Murray WB. Complications of regional anesthesia. Current opinion in anaesthesiology. 2006;19(5):531-7.7. Barry JM, Harsh V, Patil S. Are our intramuscular injections nerve-friendly? What are we missing? Simple techniques to prevent, recognize and manage nerve injection injuries. Int J Stud Res 2014;4(2):25-8